tech-studies

Ruby on Rails

3 min read

Ruby on Rails

roadmap.sh: https://roadmap.sh/ruby-on-rails

Suggested path through the Ruby on Rails nodes. Each node links to its lesson when written.

Nodes

Ruby language fundamentals

  • Ruby syntax and basics
  • Variables and scope
  • Data types (String, Symbol, Numeric)
  • Arrays and Hashes
  • Ranges
  • Conditionals and control flow
  • Loops and iterators
  • Methods and arguments
  • Blocks, Procs and Lambdas
  • Classes and objects
  • Modules and mixins
  • Inheritance
  • Metaprogramming
  • Exception handling
  • Gems and Bundler
  • RubyGems ecosystem

Prerequisites

  • HTML and CSS
  • JavaScript fundamentals
  • HTTP and how the web works
  • Relational databases and SQL
  • Git and version control
  • Command line basics

Rails fundamentals

  • What is Rails / convention over configuration
  • Installation and setup
  • Rails directory structure
  • Rails CLI and generators
  • Rake tasks
  • Environments (development, test, production)
  • Bundler and Gemfile
  • Credentials and secrets

MVC architecture

  • MVC pattern overview
  • Request/response lifecycle
  • Routing
  • Controllers and actions
  • Strong parameters
  • Views and layouts
  • ERB templating
  • Partials
  • Helpers
  • Models

Active Record

  • ORM concepts
  • Migrations
  • Schema and schema.rb
  • CRUD operations
  • Validations
  • Callbacks
  • Associations (belongs_to, has_many, has_one)
  • has_many :through and HABTM
  • Polymorphic associations
  • Query interface and scopes
  • N+1 queries and eager loading
  • Database indexes
  • Transactions

Routing

  • RESTful routes and resources
  • Nested routes
  • Route constraints
  • Named routes and path helpers
  • Namespaces and scopes

Views and frontend

  • Asset pipeline / Propshaft
  • Importmap and JavaScript bundling
  • Hotwire (Turbo and Stimulus)
  • Turbo Frames and Streams
  • View components
  • Forms and form helpers
  • Tailwind / CSS integration

Active Support and libraries

  • Active Support core extensions
  • Action Mailer
  • Active Job and background processing
  • Action Cable (WebSockets)
  • Active Storage (file uploads)
  • Action Text (rich text)
  • I18n and localization

APIs

  • Building JSON APIs
  • API-only mode
  • Serializers (Jbuilder, AMS)
  • Versioning APIs
  • CORS

Authentication and authorization

  • Sessions and cookies
  • Devise
  • has_secure_password
  • OmniAuth
  • Pundit / CanCanCan
  • Authorization patterns

Testing

  • Minitest
  • RSpec
  • Fixtures and FactoryBot
  • Model, controller and system tests
  • Capybara
  • Test coverage

Security

  • CSRF protection
  • SQL injection prevention
  • XSS prevention
  • Mass assignment protection
  • Brakeman and security scanning

Performance and caching

  • Fragment and Russian-doll caching
  • Low-level caching
  • Redis and Memcached
  • Database query optimization
  • Bullet gem

Deployment and ops

  • Puma and web servers
  • Environment configuration
  • Kamal / Docker
  • CI/CD pipelines
  • Logging and monitoring
  • Background workers (Sidekiq, Solid Queue)

Resources

See resources.md.

Project ideas

  • Build a multi-tenant SaaS blog platform with Devise auth, Pundit authorization, and Hotwire-driven live updates.
  • Create a JSON API backend for a task manager with versioned endpoints, Sidekiq background jobs, and RSpec request specs.
  • Build a real-time chat app using Action Cable, Turbo Streams, and Active Storage for image attachments.

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